Description
An empyema is the accumulation of pus in a body cavity, though the term usually refers to pus within the chest. The pus develops between the lung and the chest cavity where it can impair lung function. The bacteria causing the accumulation can cause damage to the body as well.
Symptoms
Chest pain, fever, shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue, night sweats, low blood pressure, hypoxia (low oxygen content).
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. X-ray or chest CT scan is performed to define the extent of the pus collection. Culture of the fluid is performed to identify the bacteria causing the infection. The fluid is obtained by inserting a needle into the chest cavity (thoracentesis).
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, Ultrasound, X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Thoracentesis, culture of pus, blood culture
Specialists:
Pulmonology
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. X-ray or chest CT scan is performed to define the extent of the pus collection. Culture of the fluid is performed to identify the bacteria causing the infection. The fluid is obtained by inserting a needle into the chest cavity (thoracentesis).
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), CT Scan, Ultrasound, X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Thoracentesis, culture of pus, blood culture
Specialists:
Pulmonology
Treatment
Drainage of the pus will be recommended, usually by insertion of a chest tube (thoracostomy). Occasionally the lining of the lung will need to be peeled away (decortication) as well. Antibiotics are administered to kill the bacteria.