Description
Abrasion and erosion are two types of damage to the tooth's outer covering, the enamel. Sometimes they also affect deeper parts of the tooth. Tooth abrasion is caused by rubbing or scraping against the teeth. Brushing too hard is a common cause. Using toothpicks can cause abrasion. So can removing and replacing partial dentures or retainers. Chemicals such as acids cause tooth erosion. Usually the acids are in foods or drinks, such as citrus fruits, soda (regular or diet) and some fruit juices. Acid reflux and frequent vomiting, as in bulimia, also can cause tooth erosion.
Symptoms
Sensitivity to sweet, hot or cold foods and drinks. Toothbrush abrasion causes V-shaped notches near the gum line. Abfraction lesions, caused by forces on the chewing surface, can make the notching worse. Tooth erosion leaves a smooth, scooped out area on the tooth surface.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed.
Specialists:
Dentistry, Dentistry - Pediatric
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed.
Specialists:
Dentistry, Dentistry - Pediatric
Treatment
Minor damage may not require treatment. The dentist will fill large defects with a tooth-colored material. Using a fluoride gel or rinse at home may help reduce sensitivity. The dentist also may apply a fluoride varnish. The outlook is excellent if the problem is caught early, and the cause is eliminated. To prevent abrasion and erosion, avoid acidic foods or drinks, brush gently with a soft toothbrush, and use dental floss and toothpicks properly.