Celiac disease (celiac sprue)


Description

An inherited, autoimmune disease in which the lining of the small intestine is damaged from eating gluten and other proteins found in wheat, barley, rye, and oats. The disease causes diarrhea, malabsorption, steatorrhea, nutritional and vitamin deficiencies, and in children can result in failure to thrive and short stature. This disorder is more common in patients who have Type 1 diabetes, autoimmune disorders, microscopic colitis, lactose intolerance, Down syndrome, and intestinal cancer. Avoiding foods with gluten allows the intestine to heal but it can take months or even years for complete resolution of symptoms.

Symptoms

Abdominal pain, abdominal distension, constipation, decreased appetite, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, lactose intolerance, fatty stools, weight loss.

Tests

Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment

Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed and blood tests checked to detect antibodies in the blood. Endoscopy and biopsy of small intestine may be necessary.

Tests:
antibody detection, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Other Specific Tests: Endoscopy, biopsy

Specialists:
Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Family Practice, Pediatric Gastroenterology

Treatment

Treatment includes avoidance of any gluten in the diet including all foods made from wheat, rye, and barley. Examples include: breads, cereals, pasta, crackers, cakes, pies, cookies, and gravies. Counseling by a Nutritionist may be particularly helpful. 
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