Description
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a type of breast cancer that starts inside the milk ducts and doesn't invade the surrounding tissue. DCIS is usually asymptomatic and is often found early on a screening mammogram. DCIS is the most common type of non-invasive breast cancer and represents 20% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers. Risk factors include a family history of breast cancer, increased breast density, obesity and first pregnancy after age 30. It is also associated with the BRCA 1 and 2 breast cancer genes.
Symptoms
DCIS often does not produce any symptoms. Occasionally, symptoms may include a breast lump or nipple discharge.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Testing usually includes a mammogram. Ultrasound of the breast may also be performed. Diagnosis is confirmed with a biopsy or during surgery.
Tests:
Biopsy, Ultrasound
Other Specific Tests: Mammogram, genetic testing
Specialists:
General Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Blood and Cancer Care (hematology and oncology), Surgical Oncology
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Testing usually includes a mammogram. Ultrasound of the breast may also be performed. Diagnosis is confirmed with a biopsy or during surgery.
Tests:
Biopsy, Ultrasound
Other Specific Tests: Mammogram, genetic testing
Specialists:
General Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Blood and Cancer Care (hematology and oncology), Surgical Oncology
Treatment
The usual treatment is surgery. Breast conserving therapy is one option and involves removal of only the cancerous area of breast (lumpectomy). Lumpectomy is often supplemented with radiation treatment. Some women opt for mastectomy. Tamoxifen or other estrogen blockers may be prescribed after surgery to decrease the risk of recurrence.