Description
Degenerative disc disease is the progressive deterioration of one or more cushions between the bones of the spine. Over time, the disc between the bones of the spine hardens. There may no symptoms or it may result in pain, decreased movement and possible compression of the nerves as they leave the spinal cord. This disease is extremely common and symptoms are worsened by obesity and lack of exercise.
Symptoms
Symptoms depend on the area of the neck or back affected and may include neck and back pain, muscle weakness, numbness, and decreased movement. At times the pain can be referred to the parts of the body supplied by the nerves in the neck or back such as the hands, arms, shoulders, legs and feet.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Imaging and at times blood tests will be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Tests:
CT Scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, ESR, C-reactive protein, Chem-12, CBC
Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Neurosurgery, Family Practice, Pain Medicine, Spine Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (physiatry)
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Imaging and at times blood tests will be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Tests:
CT Scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibody, ESR, C-reactive protein, Chem-12, CBC
Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Neurosurgery, Family Practice, Pain Medicine, Spine Surgery, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (physiatry)
Treatment
Treatment may vary depending on the severity of disease. Initial therapy may be directed at weight loss, exercise and physical therapy. Medications such as anti-inflammatories and muscle relaxants are often used.