Description
It is normal for the placenta to separate from the uterus after childbirth. It is not normal for the placenta to separate before childbirth. This is called placental abruption. The fetus receives oxygen and nutrients through the placenta and an abruption can be life-threatening for the fetus and the mother. Placenta abruption can lead to preterm birth, low birth weight, and major maternal blood loss. Abruptions can be spontaneous or can occur after trauma.
Symptoms
Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, lower abdominal pain, back pain.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. An ultrasound can usually identify the disorder. Monitoring of the fetus may show fetal distress. Blood test to identify associated blood clotting problems will be done.
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), Ultrasound
Other Specific Tests: PT (Protime), PT (Protime)T (Partial Thromboplastin Time), Fibrinogen, Fetal monitoring
Specialists:
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. An ultrasound can usually identify the disorder. Monitoring of the fetus may show fetal distress. Blood test to identify associated blood clotting problems will be done.
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), Ultrasound
Other Specific Tests: PT (Protime), PT (Protime)T (Partial Thromboplastin Time), Fibrinogen, Fetal monitoring
Specialists:
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Treatment
Treatment includes intravenous fluids and blood transfusions. This problem usually requires a stay in the hospital with close monitoring of the mother and fetus. The choice of vaginal delivery, C-section or continued observation is based on how much of the placenta is involved in the abruption, the health of the mother, and the age of the fetus.