Description
Methanol is found in canned heating sources (e.g. STERNO), antifreeze, windshield wiper fluid, fuel additives, and paint removers. Ingestion can be intentional or accidental. Methanol is converted into toxic metabolites that can cause blindness, confusion, and gastrointestinal symptoms. If left untreated it can be deadly.
Symptoms
Vomiting, abdominal pain, blurry vision, blindness, confusion, lethargy, seizures, coma.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Blood tests to help make the diagnosis and check for electrolyte imbalances, and kidney and liver injury. An arterial blood gas will be done to measure the acid content in the blood.
Tests:
Pregnancy (BHCG) test, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), Electrocardiogram (EKG), Urinalysis (UA), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Alcohol screen, serum osmolality, arterial blood gas (ABG), (ethanol and toxic alcohol levels)
Specialists:
Medical Toxicology
Workup:
A history and physical exam will be performed. Blood tests to help make the diagnosis and check for electrolyte imbalances, and kidney and liver injury. An arterial blood gas will be done to measure the acid content in the blood.
Tests:
Pregnancy (BHCG) test, Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), Electrocardiogram (EKG), Urinalysis (UA), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Alcohol screen, serum osmolality, arterial blood gas (ABG), (ethanol and toxic alcohol levels)
Specialists:
Medical Toxicology
Treatment
Fomepizole is administered to prevent further metabolism of methanol. Severe intoxication will require dialysis. Supportive treatment including mechanical ventilation and intravenous fluids may be required.