Description
Vitamin D deficiency is a disorder that can lead to weakening of bones. Vitamin D is necessary for the body to maintain normal blood calcium and phosphorous levels and healthy bones. Vitamin D is produced by the skin in response to sunlight. It can be absorbed from vitamin D fortified foods and/or supplements.
Symptoms
Symptoms are related to the severity of the deficiency, age of the individual and duration of the deficiency. They may include bone pain, muscle aches, muscle twitching, fractures, dental abnormalities, impaired growth and bow legs.
Tests
Common tests used for diagnosis and treatment
Workup:
A history and physical will be performed. A combination of blood and imaging tests may be used to make the diagnosis.
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Ionized calcium, Vitamin d, PTH level, Urine calcium
Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Family Practice
Workup:
A history and physical will be performed. A combination of blood and imaging tests may be used to make the diagnosis.
Tests:
Complete blood count (CBC), Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), X-ray
Other Specific Tests: Ionized calcium, Vitamin d, PTH level, Urine calcium
Specialists:
Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Family Practice
Treatment
Treatment is directed at replacing vitamin D. A diet rich in fish, liver, and processed milk helps, but usually vitamin D supplements are required. If there are significant abnormalities of the bones due to prolonged vitamin D deficiency, braces or surgery may be required.